Pinene

Pinene is a bicyclic monoterpenoid. As the name suggests, it has characteristic aromas of pine and spruce. There are two structural isomers of pine found in nature: α-pinene and β-pinene. Both shapes are important components of pine resin. Pinene is the most common terpenoid in nature. Pinene is found in conifers but also in other plants. It is most commonly found in balsamic resin, coniferous wood and some citrus fruits. The two isomers of pine are the most important constituent of turpentine. Pinene is one of the most important monoterpenes physiologically important in both plants and animals. It tends to react with other chemicals, which form a variety of other terpenes (such as limonene) and other compounds.

Pinene is used in medicine as an anti-inflammatory, mucolytic, bronchodilator and local antiseptic agent. Pinene is a natural compound isolated from pine needle oil that has been used for many years as an traditional Chinese medicine for it's proven effect. It is also assumed that the effects of THC can be reduced by pinene, in particular the adverse effects on memory and concentration.